The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.